XTR111
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SBOS375C –NOVEMBER 2006–REVISED JUNE 2011
EXPLANATION OF PIN FUNCTIONS
EF : The active low error flag (logic output) is
intended for use with an external pull-up to logic-high
for reliable operation when this output is used.
However, it has a weak internal pull-up to 5V and can
be left unconnected if not used.
VIN: This input is a conventional, noninverting,
high-impedance input of the internal operational
amplifier (OPA). The internal circuitry is protected by
clamp diodes to supplies. An additional clamp
connected to approximately 18V protects internal
circuitry. Place a small resistor in series with the input
to limit the current into the protection if voltage can be
present without the XTR111 being powered. Consider
a resistor value equal to RSET for bias current
cancellation.
OD: This control input has a 4μA internal pull-up
disabling the output. A pull-down or short to GND is
required to activate the output. Controlling OD
reduces output glitches during power-on and
power-off. This logic input controls the output. If not
used, connect to GND.
SET: The total resistance connected between this pin
and VIN reference sets the transconductance.
Additional series resistance can degrade accuracy
and drift. The voltage on this pin must not exceed
14V because this pin is not protected to voltages
above this level.
The regulator is not affected by OD.
EXTERNAL CURRENT LIMIT
The XTR111 does not provide internal current limit for
the case of when the external FET is forced to low
impedance. The internal current source controls the
current, but a high current from IS to GND forces an
internal voltage clamp between VSP and IS to turn
on. This results in a low resistance path and the
current is only limited by the load impedance and the
current capability of the external FET. A high current
can destroy the IC. With the current loop interrupted
(the load disconnected) the external MOSFET is fully
turned on with large gate to source voltage stored in
the gate capacitance. In the moment the loop is
closed (the load connected) current flows into the
load. But for the first few micro-seconds the MOSFET
is still turned on and destructive current can flow,
depending on the load impedance.
IS: This output pin is connected to the transistor
source of the external FET. The accuracy of the
output current to IS is achieved by dynamic error
correction in the current mirror. This pin should never
be pulled more than 6.5V below the positive supply.
An internal clamp is provided to protect the circuit;
however, it must be externally current-limited to less
than 50mA.
VG: The gate drive for the external FET is protected
against shorts to the supply and GND. The circuit is
clamped so that it will not drive more than 18V below
the positive supply. The external FET should be
protected if its gate could be externally pulled beyond
its ratings.
An external current limit is recommended to protect
the XTR111 from this condition. Figure 37a shows an
example of a current limit circuit. The current should
be limited to 50mA. The 15Ω resistor (R6) limits the
current to approximately 37mA (33mA when hot). The
PNP transistor should allow a peak current of several
hundred mA. An example device is the (KST)2907.
Power dissipation is not normally critical because the
peak current duration is only a few micro-seconds.
However, observe the leakage current through the
transistor from IS to VG. The addition of this current
limiting transistor and R6 still require time to
discharge the gate of the external MOSFET. R7 and
C3 are added for this reason, as well as to limit the
steepness of external distortion pulses. Additional
EMI and over-voltage protection may be required
according to the application.
REGF: The output of the regulator buffer can source
up to 5mA current, but has very limited (less than
50μA) sinking capability. The maximum short-circuit
current is in the range of 15mA to 25mA, changing
over temperature.
REGS: This pin is the sense input of the voltage
regulator. It is referenced to an internal 3V reference
circuit. The input bias current can be up to 2μA. Avoid
capacitive loading of REGS that may compromise the
loop stability of the voltage regulator.
VSP: The supply voltage of up to a maximum of 44V
allows operation in harsh industrial environment and
provides headroom for easy protection against
over-voltage. Use a large enough bypass capacitor (>
100nF) and eventually a damping inductor or a small
resistor (5Ω) to decouple the XTR111 supply from the
noise typically found on the 24V supplies.
Figure 37b is a universal and basic current limiter
circuit, using PNP or NPN transistors that can be
connected in the source (IS to S) or in the drain
output (in series with the current path). This circuit
does not contribute to leakage currents. Consider
adding an output filter like R7 and C3 in this limiter
circuit.
Copyright © 2006–2011, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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