MAX20058
60V, 1A, Automotive Synchronous
Step-Down DC-DC Converter
PWM Mode Operation
Detailed Description
In PWM mode, the inductor current can go negative.
PWM operation provides constant frequency operation at
all loads, and is useful in applications sensitive to switch-
ing frequency. However, the PWM mode of operation
gives lower efficiency at light loads compared to the PFM
mode of operation.
The MAX20058 high-efficiency, high-voltage, step-down
DC-DC regulator IC operates from 4.5V to 60V and deliv-
ers up to 1A load current. Feedback voltage-regulation
accuracy meets ±1.5% over load, line, and temperature.
The IC uses a peak-current-mode-control scheme. An
internal transconductance error amplifier generates an
integrated error voltage. The error voltage sets the duty
cycle using a PWM comparator, a high-side current-sense
amplifier, and a slope-compensation generator.
PFM Mode Operation
PFM mode of operation disables negative inductor cur-
rent and additionally skips pulses at light loads for high
efficiency. In PFM mode, the inductor current is forced
to a fixed peak every clock cycle until the output rises to
102% of the nominal voltage by monitoring the FB pin.
Resistor tolerance will impact actual output voltage. Once
the output reaches 102% of the nominal voltage, both the
high-side and low-side FETs are turned off and the device
enters hibernate operation until the load discharges the
output to 101% of the nominal voltage. Most of the inter-
nal blocks are turned off in hibernate operation to save
quiescent current. After the output falls below 101% of
the nominal voltage, the device comes out of hibernate
operation, turns on all internal blocks and again com-
mences the process of delivering pulses of energy to the
output until it reaches 102% of the nominal output voltage.
At each rising edge of the clock, the high-side MOSFET
turns on and remains on until either the appropriate or
maximum duty cycle is reached, or the peak current limit
is detected.
During the high-side MOSFET’s on-time, the inductor
current ramps up. During the second-half of the switching
cycle, the high-side MOSFET turns off and the low-side
MOSFET turns on and remains on until either the next
rising edge of the clock arrives or sink current limit is
detected. The inductor releases the stored energy as its
current ramps down, and provides current to the output.
The internal low R
pMOS/nMOS switches ensure
DS(ON)
high efficiency at full load.
The IC also integrates switching-frequency selector pin,
current-limit and mode-of-operation selector pin, enable/
undervoltage lockout (EN/UVLO) pin, programmable soft-
start pin, and open-drain RESET signal.
The advantage of the PFM mode is higher efficiency at
light loads because of lower quiescent current drawn
from supply. However, the output-voltage ripple is higher
compared to PWM mode of operation and switching fre-
quency is not constant at light loads.
Current Limit and Mode of Operation
Table 1 lists the value of the resistors to program PWM or
PFM modes of operation and 1.6A or 1.14A peak current
limits.
Linear Regulator (V
)
CC
The IC has two internal low-dropout regulators (LDOs),
which power V . One LDO is powered from the input
CC
The mode of operation cannot be changed “on-the-fly”
after power-up.
voltage and the other LDO is powered from the EXTVCC
pin. Only one of the two LDOs is in operation at a time,
depending on the voltage levels present at the EXTVCC
pin.
Table 1. R
Settings
ILIM
PEAK CURRENT
LIMIT (A)
MODE OF
OPERATION
If EXTVCC rises above 4.74V (typ), V
the EXTVCC pin. If EXTVCC falls below 4.44V (typ), V
is powered from the input voltage. Powering V
is powered from
R
(kΩ)
CC
ILIM
CC
Open
1.6
1.14
1.6
PFM
PFM
PWM
PWM
from
CC
EXTVCC increases efficiency, particularly at higher input
voltages. Typical V output voltage is 5V. Bypass V
422
243
121
CC
CC
to SGND with a 1μF capacitor.
1.14
When V falls below its undervoltage lockout (3.8V,
CC
typ), the internal step-down controller is turned off, and
LX switching is disabled. The LX switching is enabled
again when the V
voltage exceeds 4.2V (typ). The
CC
400mV (typ) hysteresis prevents chattering on power-up
and power-down.
Maxim Integrated
│ 11
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